High Quality Prefabricated Steel diagonal bracing members for high rise building

In the late 19th century early designs of tall buildings recognized the effectiveness of diagonal bracing members in resisting lateral forces. Most of the structural systems deployed for early tall buildings were steel frames with diagonal bracings of various configurations such as X, K,and eccentric.

However, while the structural importance of diagonals was well recognized, their aesthetic potential was not explicitly appreciated. Thus, diagonals were generally embedded within the building cores which were usually located in the interior of the building.

A major departure from this design approach occurred when braced tubular structures were introduced in the late 1960s. For the 100-story tall John Hancock Building in Chicago, the diagonals were located along the entire exterior perimeter surfaces of the building in order to maximize their structural effectiveness and capitalize on the aesthetic innovation. This strategy is much more effective than confining diagonals to nHigh Quality Prefabricated Steel diagonal bracing members for high rise buildinger building cores. Clearly a symbiosis between structural action and esthetic intent, such as demonstrated by the Hancock Tower, is an example of highly integrated design and engineering. Recently the use of perimeter diagonals—hence the term ‘diagrid’—for structural effectiveness and esthetics has generated renewed interest from architectural and structural designers of tall buildings

The difference between conventional exterior-braced frame structures and current diagrid structures is that, for diagrid structures, almost all the conventional vertical columns are eliminated. This is possible because the diagonal members in diagrid structural systems can carry gravity loads as well as lateral forces owing to their triangulated configuration, whereas the diagonals in conventional braced frame structures carry only lateral loads. Compared with conventional framed tubular structures without diagonals, diagrid structures are much more effective in minimizing shear deformation because they carry shear by axial action of the diagonal members, while conventional framed tubular structures carry shear by the bending of the vertical columns.

Another prevalent structural system for today’s tall buildings is outrigger structures with either reinforced concrete cores or steel-braced cores. Properly designed, an outrigger structure is effective in reducing the moment and drift of the building below outriggers. However, the system does not provide shear rigidity, whereas the diagrid structure provides both bending and shear rigidity. Thus, tall buildings which employ outrigger systems require cores having significant shear rigidity. Diagrid structures do not need high shear rigidity cores because shear can be carried by the diagrids located on the perimeter.

The lateral stiffness of diagrid structures is desirable not only for static loads but also for dynamic loads which generate responses in both the windward and across-wind directions. In most cases, the lateral motion in the across-wind direction due to vortex shedding is much greater than the motion in the windward direction. Stiffer structures have a lower probability of the vortex frequency locking on a modal frequency (i.e., a lock-in condition) because, as a structure’s fundamental frequency increases, the wind velocity required to cause a lock-in condition also increases. Thus, owing to their greater lateral stiffness, diagrid structures are less prone to a lock-in condition.

An early example of the diagrid structure is the IBM Building (Figure 2) in Pittsburgh built in the early 1960s. With its 13-story building height, this building was not given much attention by architects and engineers. In the early 1980s Humana Headquarters competition, a diagrid structure was proposed by Sir Norman Foster (Figure 3). However, the winning entry at that time was a historicist building of the post-modern style designed by Michael Graves. Only recently have notable diagrid tall buildings been commissioned. Examples are designs by Sir Norman Foster: the Swiss Re Building (Figure 4) in London and the Hearst Headquarters (under construction, Figure 5) in New York. Another ongoing design is the new World Trade Center (Figure 6) in New York by SOM The geometry of a diagrid structure is generally customized in order to satisfy building-specific requirements. The purpose of this paper is to provide preliminary design guidelines for a typical range of diagrid structures. First, the structurally optimal range of angles of diagonal members is investigated for typical 60-, 42- and 20-story buildings, using a conventional iterative design approach. Then, a simple methodology for determining preliminary diagrid member sizes is introduced and applied to the previous set of buildings. Lastly, the design parameters generated with this procedure are verified and compared with the previous set. The proposed methodology was found to produce good estimates of the design variables with minimal effort.

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Packaging Details: naked package in bulk for metal prefabricated steel structure bridge

Delivery Detail: Shipped in 30 days after payment

ZHSS, now is listed on stock market. The company specialized in manufacturing,designing,developing,installing,selling steel structure materials and undertaking various kinds of steel structural projects almost 20 years. Our company supply the full products of the building, even the overhead crane.we are committed to providing customers with one-stop shopping service.

After many years of continuous effort throught the world, we have done many projects successfully, our products have been exported to more than 60 countries and regions, such as Canada,Russia,South Africa,Indonesia,Ethiopia, Algeria,France,Mid East etc…And we hope we can cooperate with each other.

ZHSS are specialized in designing, manufacturing and prefabricating kinds of steel structure project such as warehouse, workshop, office building, stadium , highrise building, airport hanger, power plant etc.

ZHSSalso supply with the different kinds of building materials such as windows and doors, roofs and walls sandwich, decoration materials, tiles etc..

ZHSS's qualification of Steel Structure design Grade B, and Special Qualification of Steel Structure Construction Grade A.

Till now ZHSS already constructed different kinds of streel structure project in Singapore, Braizl, England, Chile, Panama etc. more than 50 foreign countries.

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1.About Us

Zhejiang Huawu Steel Structure Engineering Co.,Ltd.

As the international oriented subsidiary of Zhejiang Huadong Steel & Metal Group, The Top 7th Largest Steel Structure Company in China and The 1st Steel Structure company in Southeast of China which obtain 5ton,10ton,16ton,20ton, 30ton, 50ton,and 100ton(Under construction EOT. Overhead crane system for heavy Industrial equipment structure.
•Group Turn Over
Group total: 2.5 Billion RMB(Around 410 Million USD$) for steel structures only
•Capacity for Fabrication :
Group total: 300,000 Ton per year for steel structures only
•Present (available idle) :11,000ton per month
•Status:Public Registered
•Registered Capital: CNY 1000,800,000

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Profile Steel is used to mount, brace, support, and connect lightweight structural loads in building construction. These include pipes, electrical and data wire, High Quality Prefabricated Steel diagonal bracing members for high rise building mechanical systems such as ventilation, air conditioning, and other mechanical systems. Strut channel is also used for other applications Profile Steel that require a strong framework, such as workbenches, shelving systems, equipment racks, etc. Specially made sockets are available to tighten nuts; bolts etc.
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Profile Steel is equipped with excellent equipments including two sets 1450 reversible rolling mills,High Quality Prefabricated Steel diagonal bracing members for high rise building three sets 1150 reversible rolling mills, two sets galvanizing & galvalume lines, two sets color coating lines, one set correcting machine, and one set pickling line.